The Role of HR Management in Facilitating the Individual Adaptation of the Employees

The Role of HR Management in Facilitating the Individual Adaptation of the Employees Introduction The role of HR management in facilitating the individual adaptation of the employees can be based on several theories. These can be educational, psychological, organizational and economic theories. In tackling this topic, this research paper describes Maslow’s theory, McClelland’s need theory, equity theory and job design theory.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Role of HR Management in Facilitating the Individual Adaptation of the Employees specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Maslow’s theory of need and Hierarchy This is one of the main psychological theories of motivation postulated by Abraham Maslow. He perceived human needs to be hierarchical and observed that after a set of need ceases to be a motivator after it has been satisfied (Weihrich Cannice, 2008, p. 330). According to Maslow, basic needs are in form of five sets of goals. These are self actualization, love, ph ysiological, esteem and safety. In Maslow’s perspective, what motivates employees in organizations is to ensure that they have the conditions on which these basic satisfactions are based and by desires that are more intellectual. People are continually in want and the satisfaction of these wants only tends to be mutually exclusive but in reality is not. The average person only attains partial satisfaction and partial dissatisfaction of want they want (Ramlall, 2004, p. 54). This theory implies a lot to the organizational HR management. They should devise programs and practices that fulfill the upcoming or unmet needs of employees. Another implication is for the management to help workers handle stress by coming up with focus groups and support programs. This will help employees deal with stressful times and is also meant to have an understanding of their needs. The managers’ role is to cultivate a good climate to facilitate the development of the employees’ full potential. Not doing this may frustrate employees, make them perform poorly, demotivate them and encourage them to withdraw from the organization (Ramlall, 2004, p. 54). McClleland’s Need Theory The three needs that this theory focuses on are power, achievement and affiliation. The need for power is influencing others to achieve. The need for affiliation is to wish for social relationships and related events.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The need for achievement is the drive to succeed and excel. Given that effective HR managers need to influence others in a positive way, they need to have a great need for power combined with a low affiliation need (Ramlall, 2004, p. 55). Equity theory According to this organizational theory, the concern of individuals is not just the sum of rewards earned for their efforts, but also how this relates to what is received by others. People tend to compare their inputs such as experience, proficiency and education with outcomes which include recognition, income levels and promotions. When there is an imbalance between people’s outcome-input ration with that of others, tension arises. The theory is based on three assumptions. First, people have certain believes regarding what determines a return that is just and equitable according to their inputs in job. â€Å"Second, the theory assumes that people tend to compare what they perceive to be the exchange they have with their employers (Ramlall, 2004, p. 55).† The third assumption is that when people believe they are being treated inequitably with regard to the exchange they observe their counterparts to be getting, they’ll be driven to take actions that they deem necessary (Theis, 2010, p. 28). Consequently, several options are created for employees who realize that they are getting unfair treatment. These options may includ e input reduction by employees through direct restriction of their work output, seeking an assignment that’s more enjoyable and seeking increases in salary as a way of trying to make an output increase (Ramlall, 2004, p. 55). The HR management’s challenge is therefore to devise fair and equitable reward mechanisms and giving the rewards based on what the employees believe with regard to the value they attach to the organization. Circumstances can be changed in the place of work to encourage improvement in the quality and quantity of work (Miner, 2007, p. 104). Job Design Theory The basis of this theory is that a task in itself forms a basis for motivation of employees. The motivation to perform excellently is stifled by a job that is boring, mundane and monotonous. There are three ways to make a job more challenging. These are decision authority, variety and autonomy. Both variety and challenge can be added to the job through job enrichment and job rotation (Ramlall, 2 004, p. 56).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Role of HR Management in Facilitating the Individual Adaptation of the Employees specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Reference list Miner, J.B. (2007). Organizational Behavior: From Theory to Practice. New York: M.E. Sharpe. Retrieved Ramlall, S. (2004). A Review of Employee Motivation Theories and their Implications for Employee Retention through Organizations. Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge. Retrieved from ftp://ftp.cba.uri.edu/Classes/Beauvais/HPR412/Ramlall_2004.pdf Theis, S. (2010). Attracting High Quality Human Capital by the Value of a Company Brand. Norderstedt, Germany: GRIN Verlag. Retrieved Weihrich, H. Cannice, M. (2008). Management. New Delhi: Tata-McGraw Hill Education. Retrieved

Dark Angel Bookreport Essays - Angel, Occult Detective Fiction

Dark Angel Bookreport Essays - Angel, Occult Detective Fiction Dark Angel Bookreport title = Dark Angel Bookreport Dark Angel By: L.J. Smith Chapter 1 This story starts out with Gillian Lennox walking home from school. Gillian was going to get ride from a friend but she had already left. When she reached the wooded area she heard crying. She went to investigate. She followed the sound to the creek where she lost her balance and fell in the icy river. Chapter 2 She worked her way over to the left bank and grabbed some roots as she went by and she was able to hold on and pull herself out of the river. She was now trying to find a way out of the woods. She had trouble walking so she took off her jacket, but she still kept on falling. She finally sat down and fell asleep, waking up to a girl who was she. Gillian saw a tunnel and rushed toward it. She realized she was dead. Chapter 3 Next thing Gillian knew she saw an angel. This angel gave her a choice. He said that it was not her time and that she had the choice on whether to go back or stay. She decided to go back. When she got back to the place she had left, the angel told her which way to go. When she got to the road she waved down the only car on the road it was David Blackburn. He got her in the car and started to drive her home, when she realized she had forgotten about the cries she heard in the forest. She told David to stop but he kept driving. Chapter 4 As David got her in the house, he promised her she would never have to walk to school again, he would give her rides. He started to get her a bath and get her undressed when David's girlfriend, Tanya came in and told him she would take care of Gillian. David called the police and got her some chocolate. Tanya asked him how old that he thought Gillian was, he said 13, but she was not she was a junior in the same high school that David and Tanya went to. When Gillian got them to leave, her mother came out and asked what was going on. Gillian just said nothing and went to bed. She fell asleep questioning herself about life and death. Later she woke up to a strange light. Chapter 5 But it was not a light it was a presence. She looked in the corner and saw the angel. He talked to her about how he had saved her from freezing. He was also her guardian angel. He knew her desires and told her that he could make David fall in love with her and make the whole school think she was hot. In return all she had to do was trust him. He said to prove that she trusted him, to go get a pair of scissors. She went through with it and got her hair cut, even though in the end it looked terrible. She awoke in the morning, her parents had left but her friend Amy was there. When she saw Gillian she screamed. Chapter 6 Amy was surprised at Gillians new look. So was her mother. Since Gillians hair was uneven, her mother fixed it. Gillian asked her mom where her dad was, her mom said he left. When she went and got dressed, she dressed differently, almost sexy like. Gillian was going to get a ride with Amy, but David showed up and reminded her about his promise. He also pulled over and almost kissed her. Chapter 7 David and Gillian finally arrived at school after saying that it was not right because of Tanya. Many people stared and laughed but mostly the guys stared. In Biology class, she asked the teacher for a book and notes. He had no idea who she was at first. All the guys in the class raised their hands in class to volunteer to share notes with her. Guys were talking to her, asking her to parties. Chapter 8 All day through school Gillian was bombarded with letters of offers and help.

Overdosed America The Broken Promise of American Medicine Essay

Overdosed America The Broken Promise of American Medicine - Essay Example To keep the lid sealed on this corruption of medical science-and to ensure its translation into medical practice-there is a complex web of corporate influence that includes disempowered regulatory agencies, commercially sponsored medical education, brilliant advertising, expensive public relations campaigns, and manipulations of free media coverage. And last, but not least, are the financial ties between many of the most trusted medical experts and medical industry". I choose this quote because it encapsulates the scope of this book. Overdosed America, by John Abramson, M.D. is a thought-provoking and riveting assessment of health care and the corruption thereof in America. Pointing to evidence which is concrete and shocking, we are forced to wonder what else is out there that we do not know about. We wonder how mistaken we are to put so much trust into the hands of doctors and the medicines that they peddle. He does not write the book in an attempt to sell a blockbuster best seller. Rather, he wants integrity to return to the field of medicine in a country that can well afford it. This book makes me wonder who is leading who. I had no idea that the majority (80 percent) of clinical research is funded by pharmaceutical companies. How does that amount to honest statistics There is an enormous conflict between the pharmaceutical companies and their influence over the studies that are conducted. Moreover, a tremendous amount of the studies which are reported in medical journals are not complete so not only are we as consumers being duped but so are the people that we rely upon to save our lives! For example, Dr. Abramson detected the frequent use of overblown statistics guaranteed to scare people into a life-long drug regimen. When the New England Journal of Medicine published a study about a new, inexpensive blood test designed to measure blood levels of inflammation in the body called C-reactive protein, or CRP, which supposedly can predict a person's risk of heart disease. The study followed 28,000 women over eight years and found that those with the highest CRP levels were more than twice as likely to develop heart disease. The study's authors concluded that identifying people with elevated CRP would allow "optimal targeting of statin therapy." Simply stated, it was a way to identify future customers for cholesterol-lowering drugs. A closer look at the statistics from this study showed that the 28,000 female participants were less than 55 years old and healthy. Their risk of heart attack, stroke, etc. was quite small. For "every 1000 women with the highest CRP levels, there was only slightly more than one (1.3) additional episode of cardiovascular disease each year than among the 1000 women with the lowest CRP levels." In other words, the twice-as-likely-to-develop-heart-disease statistic boiled down to a doubling of odds that were tiny to begin with! "The public needs access to independent expert opinion that can counterbalance the enormous influence that the medical industry wields over our beliefs about the best approach to health and medical care," writes Dr. Abramson. Indeed, Dr. Abramson clearly suggests that a regimen that has been promoted forever is still the best means by which to keep heart disease. Dr. Abramson promotes that regular exercise, smoking cessation, and a healthy diet accomplish more than just about every medical

President Obama and the Financial Reform Research Paper

President Obama and the Financial Reform - Research Paper Example It has also enacted the Volcker Rule based on the advice of Paul Volcker a former Federal Bank’s Chairman and headed Obama’s Economic Recovery Advisory Board. Although many are skeptical of the features and progress of the new Act, the law is understood to be more stringent on the unregulated trading and risk-taking by the financial corporations.   There have 3 major financial reforms in US history preceded by the recessionary phases and accounting scandals. First, the US economy faced the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression in 1929 as a result of which the Glass Steagall Act came into existence in 1933 which legislated the separation of commercial banks from investment banks. Senator Carter Glass was responsible for bringing the Act who believed that the commercial bank’s direct involvement with dealing in corporate securities was a threat to the financial system stability. Since then it has been the topic of research for many economists (Clark, p.205). Second, in 2002 the Sarbanes Oxley Act was signed in the wake of global corporate and accounting scandals such as Enron, WorldCom and Tyco International (Slander, p.1). The Act contains provisions of corporate governance and auditor’s independence and led to the creation of quasi-public agency Public Company Accounting Oversight Board which was responsible for regulating and overseeing the accounting firms as external auditors. Third, the most important reforms, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform & Consumer Protection Act has been enacted in 2010 by President Barack Obama and his administration. The law has led to the creation of two important oversight bodies- Financial Stability Oversight Council and Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. The new Act is considered by many to be based on the Glass Steagall Act. Global Financial Crisis 2007-2010 The Global financial crisis started with the bankruptcy of investment bank Bearn Stearns Inc in 2007 due to heavy exposure to mortgage-backed securities, central to the subprime mortgage crisis. The bank was sold to JP Morgan Chase. Then the collapse of Lehman Brothers, the fourth largest bank in America was followed, which unfolded the global financial crisis. All those financial institutions which had exposures to the collapsed bank’s short-term assets faced the liquidity crunch. The largest insurance firm AIG faced the liquidity crisis in 2008 because its credit ratings were downgraded.  Ã‚  

Macau Pension Fund Essay Example for Free

Macau Pension Fund Essay According to the Act 84/89/M, Social Security fund would provide subsidies or assistance for unemployed, sick and retired people. This was the so-call â€Å"the first tier of social security†. At the same time, SSF was positioned as a financially independent fund under the local government. In Macau, Pension fund is included in the SSF, and there is no separation between the management of pension fund and SSF. Instead, pension fund is considered as an expense from the aspect of financial management. All the working people, including non-permanent and permanent residents, are required to contribute to SSF in each month. If they have contributed enough amounts, they can get part of or all the pension fund payment after retirement. Since 1993, the government was gradually enlarging the coverage of pension fund beneficiary. So far, most unemployed or workless people, such as housewife, could join the voluntary contributions program. After certain periods of contribution, those people are also entitled to the pension fund payment from SSF once they are over 60. 2. 0 Current Problems As a financially independent fund, SSF is supposed to maintain the operation with the contribution as its major income. However, government funding has already become the most important income of SSF in recent years. In 2010, government budget and funding from gaming tax accounted for 92% of the total income of SSF (see figure 1). For the pension fund, many people stated that the pension fund payment, maximum MOP 2,000, is not enough under the high-inflation economy. Some academies also claim that the contribution is not enough to maintain the budget balance of SSF. After all, government announced the predictable deficit of SSF since 2014 and bankruptcy in 2020 without government funding, which cause the heated discussion in Macau. 3. 1 Insufficient Contribution According to the SSF regulation, a resident who have contributed to SSF for 30 years is qualified to get MOP 2,000 per month after retirement at 65. Actually the monthly contribution to SSF has been fixed at MOP 45 per person since 1998, which means the total contribution in 30 years would be returned in 9 months after retirement. Figure 1: Income of SSF in 2010 The contribution in 2010 only accounted for 5. 35% of the annual income of SSF and 24. 4% of the pension fund payment. In other words, the contribution is obviously insufficient to support the pension fund payment. The pension fund payment has been increased from MOP 800 in 1995 to MOP 2,000 recently, so as other subsidies and assistances. Therefore, the government kept increasing funding for SSF to prepare for the increasing outcome. Millions (MOP) Figure 3: Social security expenditures by SSF 3. 2 Insufficient Pension Fund Payment According to the poverty line set up by Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the people with an income level lower than half of median income should be considered as poor people. Referring to 2011 median income published by Macau Statistics and Census Service, people have income lower than MOP 5,000 per month should be classified as needy. However, the maximum amount of pension fund payment is MOP 2,000, only 40% of the poverty line. The payment is even lower than the minimum subsistence index for one-person family, which is MOP 3,000 after the adjustment by Macau government on 1 Apr 2012. In view of this, some communities and organizations have called for further raise of pension fund payment. 3. 3 Inefficient Management Rate of Return Percentage Inflation Rate Figure 2: Investment return of SSF balance and Macau inflation rate Given the enlarging funding from government, the balance of SSF have increased from MOP 1. 5 billion in 2006 to MOP 6. 2 billion in 2010. However, it has been shown in Figure 2 that the investments return of SSF balance is just a bit higher than the inflation. During the financial crisis, there was even a negative return recorded in 2008. By ignoring year 2008, there is still a downward trend of the return. According to the 2010 annual report of SSF, 72. 43% of SSF balance was deposited into local bank, the remaining proportion was entrusted to fund managing company for only low-risk investments. Under the fix-rate hedging between MOP and HKD, the interest rate of Macau is close to interest rate in Hong Kong, which is similar to US interest rate. Since the 2008 financial crisis, Fed has applied the ultra low interest rate and the interest rate is believed to be maintained until 2014. So, a 72. 43% of deposit in an investment portfolio is reasonably considered as inefficient. 3. 4 Irregular government subsidies In 2008 Macau government introduced the â€Å"Wealth Partaking Scheme†. Each permanent resident will receive the cash check issue by government and each non-permanent residents would received 60% of the partaking amount to permanent resident. The aim of the scheme is to share the result of economic development under the high-inflation economy. However, in some people’s view, the scheme has been considered as supplement of social security and thus expected to transfer the scheme into regular subsidies. Beside the partaking scheme, Macau government established the â€Å"Central Saving Plan† – to inject certain capital into individual account of all the permanent attained the age of 22 in the year. The government claimed that the plan is â€Å"the second tier of social security† and the plan will enhance the living security of retired people. Under the government regulation, people could withdraw the saving fund only when they are over 65 or in urgent needs.

Essay --

Loss of innocence In The Lord of the Flies by William Golding explains how a group, as kids grow into young adults being savages due to their need of surviving. Golding wrote Lord of the Flies while a war was going on and said everyone could be a nazi if they wanted to. He believes all people are born evil and in his head his viewing point is shown in the book and the movie. The book and the movie have the same perspective as loss of innocence, savagery Willliam golding wrote and based his book on the war that was happening in the mid 1940s in Europe. He viewed his world as harsh and cruel. They were taking people to concentration camps he didn’t know how far people were capable of going. But he did assure that that if anyone wanted they could become Nazis themselves. He proves that we become what were most scared of if it means being alive. Our brains are controlled to survive no matter what not caring what you can become on the way to survival. Not everyone would become a nazi if they had a choice others have more purified souls and would rather die than become a Nazi. In the m...

Andy Griffith Commemorative Speech

Andy Griffith Commemorative Speech 11/18/12 We come together today in memory of the light of America, A very generous, inspiring, caring, and moral man. Today we celebrate his life as a as actor, singer and writer. He was married three times with 2 children that were adopted during his first marriage. He is best known for two memorable characters as a small town sheriff and defense lawyer. The Famous Andrew Samuel Griffith, Born in June 1926 and passed away in July 2012 at the age of 86. We are here today to remember his life, being a star actor and inspiring others. A performer of extraordinary talent, Andy was beloved by generations of fans and revered by entertainers who followed in his footsteps. He brought us characters from Sheriff Andy to Ben Matlock, and in the process warmed the hearts of Americans everywhere. † said Obama. Andy entertained the world, and inspired all of our lives. As we all have heard the famous theme song to the Andy Griffith show, I know at one poin t or another you have went around for days whistling the lovely tone. Andy played a role of a gentle small town sheriff, along with his best friend Don Knotts; they were like two peas in a pod in Mayberry, North Carolina.It was a top rated show in the 1960’s. After Staring in the hit The Andy Griffith Show, he stared in the 1980’s to 1990s show, in the title role of criminal defense attorney Ben Matlock. Andy first appeared on television in 1955 on the show, no time for sergeants, on the US steel hour. Andy had a love for music, starting from a young age. Even though as a baby, Griffith lived with relatives until his parents could afford to buy a home. He slept in dresser drawers for several months because they had no crib or bed for him. When he was three, his father began working as a carpenter and purchased their first home.Andy said growing up, â€Å"the fellas- and worse the gals, used to laugh at me. It seemed to me they laughed at me all the time, not with me, mind you, at me. † The happiest times he had as a child was being in his bedroom, alone, where no one could jeer or poke fun at him. This is when he realized that he could control the others laughter when he said something funny. He loved to listen to music, and comical stories that his father had told him. Which Inspired him with the since of humor and love for music. In high school he became a part of the drama club, played the trombone and also sang in the church choir.Being and excellent role model, he was a high school teacher for drama and music. When Ron Howard was 5 years old Andy inspired Ron’s life tremendously. Ron said, â€Å"His love of creating, the joy he took in it whether it was drama or comedy or his music, was inspiring to grow up around. The spirit he created on the set of The Andy Griffith Show was joyful and professional all at once. It was an amazing environment. And I think it was a reflection of the way he felt about having the opportunity to c reate something that people could enjoy.It was always with respect and passion for the opportunity and really what it could offer people in a very earthy way. He felt he was always working in service of an audience he really respected and cared about. He was a great influence on me. His passing is sad. But he lived and a great rich life. † Griffith being a fairly healthy man his first major health problem happened in 1983, when he was diagnosed with Gullain- Barre’ syndrome and he was unable to walk for 7 months, but did fully recover. In 2000 he had a heart bypass and 2007 he had surgery on his hips.Shortly after Andy had a heart attack, while he was recovering, he flew to California to speak at Ron Howard’s mother’s funeral. This is how much of a friend he was. To me Andy has been excellent, inspiring, role model. He always was inspiring others to be as best as they could, he always went above and beyond every ones expectations. Andy’s motto was, â€Å"I do not want the public to laugh at us, I want them to laugh with us. † I think that America fulfilled this in his 86 years of life. I am going to end this just like Andy left all his crowds with these three words â€Å"I appreciate it! †